La Politesse French Phrases of Politeness

When traveling in France, being polite is absolutely essential. Be sure you know how to say please and thank you at the very least. Click any link to hear that word pronounced. Please sil vous plaà ®t, SVP (plural or formal)sil te plaà ®t (singular and familiar) Please verb (for example, please excuse me) veuillez infinitive (veuillez mexcuser) Thank You merci Thank you very much merci beaucoupmerci bien Bless you! (thank you so much, thanks a million) mille fois merci  (literally, a thousand times thanks)​ Youre Welcome de rien  (literally, Its nothing) It was my pleasure je vous en prie (plural or formal)je ten prie (singular and familiar) Dont mention it pas de quoi Excuse Me! Pardon me, I beg your pardon pardon Excuse me excusez-moi Im sorry to disturb/bother you Excusez-moi de vous dà ©ranger Im sorry je suis dà ©solà ©(e) Niceties Cheers à   votre santà © (plural or formal)à   ta santà © (singular and familiar) Enjoy your meal bon appà ©tit ! Bless you à   vos souhaits (plural or formal)à   tes souhaits (singular and familiar) Sir, Mr. Monsieur Maam, Mrs. Madame Miss Mademoiselle

The Effect Of Perceptions Towards Csr Activities On Brand...

5.1 Introduction This chapter will firstly summarize the findings, and then will link the findings with the previous researches in order to discuss this research. Aims and objectives will be assessed in this chapter, in addition, the practical marketing implication will be shown, and finally, this chapter will talk about the limitations of this research, and will make recommendations for the future research. 5.2 Discussions on findings The aim of this study is to examine the effect of perceptions towards CSR activities on brand image from consumers and employees perspective. Five objectives are undertaken so as to accomplish the aim. The first objective is to test whether consumes’ perception towards CSR-Environment will influence the†¦show more content†¦The second objective is to examine the relationship between consumers’ perception towards CSR-Society and brand image. And this objective has been tested through H2a and H2b, referring to the analysis results, H2a is rejected and H2b is accepted, which means consumers’ good perception towards CSR-Society only has positive influence on emotional brand image. Based on the previous researches, this result is coherent with Hoeffler and Keller (2002), who illustrated that the relationship between CSR-Society and functional brand image is limited, at the same time, some researches (Obermiller et al., 2009; Yoon et al., 2006; Rick 2005;Singh et al. 2008) states that consumers’ good perception towards CSR-Society activities contribute to the positive emotional brand image, this is because consumers get psychological feelings after pe rceive CSR-Society activities, for instance, consumers regard themselves as the people who care about the social issues like the company. The third objective of the research is based on employees’ perspective in order to find out the relationship between employees’ perception towards CSR-Environment and brand image. From chapter 4, H3a is rejected and H3b is accepted, so employees’ good perception towards CSR-society only has positive influence on emotional

Classroom Observation Essay Example For Students

Classroom Observation Essay My middle school observation was with a seventh-grade English class at the New Boston Middle School on February 16, 2001. Mrs. Messer was the teacher and she actually remembered me as one of her students in the same class several years ago. The assistant principal, Mary Lovelace, was the one to assign where I was to observe. The classroom was organized with the desk forming to make a T with the bottom of the T being at the overhead projector in the front of the class. Mrs. Messer sat on a stool at this overhead projector for the majority of the class period. The use of the overhead is more effective in teaching than using a chalkboard, in my belief. It attracts the students attention better because its easier to see and brighter than the dull-looking chalkboard. At the back of the room were two computers and on the side was a small desk for Mrs. Messer, much unlike those that I remember teachers having. It was almost the size of a students desk. This made me think that maybe the teachers are spending more time in front of the classroom teaching than they are spending at their desks, then they used to be. Posters of English-related subjects covered the walls of the classroom and they were targeted more towards the students generation. Besides the classroom being decorated with English and having good desk organization, it did seem to be messy. I got the impression that this teacher might be a pack rat. Though, I dont see that being negative towards the students learning. Mrs. Messer gave good, detailed directions, and she chose students at random to make sure they understood. When Mrs. Messer divided the students into study groups, I noticed her picking certain students out of the class to put into certain groups. This was an example of probably heterogeneous grouping. I assumed that because they were studying, she might have been choosing smarter kids and mixing them with slower kids to help them study. Although, she could have been grouping them homogeneously and letting them study with children at the same developmental level. To get the class of students attention, she would say class in a louder tone of voice than she usually spoke in. Also, Mrs. Messer acted with the students as if they would think of her as cool. She talked to them as though she related to them, joked around with them, and dressed very stylish. For every class period, Mrs. Messer had a contest going called Star Wars. She would give the class period that participated the most each day a star for that day. The class was very excited that they had the most stars and were going to be having a Pizza Party. This is a good example of how operant conditioning is used in teaching. Mrs. Messer had faith in all her students. When she would call on them, she addressed them as Mr. or Ms. This way she was giving the students respect in the same way they should give her respect. The students were not as attentive in class as the students in the kindergarten class and the third-grade class that I observed. I saw a couple of students, both girls, working on other class homework while the teacher was going over nouns and pronouns. Some students seemed bored by laying their heads on their desks or resting their head in the palm of their hand. All the students interacted well with each other. There were some students that seemed very competitive with answering questions. Although, the kids worked well with others, rooting for those who were called on to answer questions, and talking and discussing while working in groups together. Considering I am a secondary education major, I found it very ironic that of all the classrooms I have observed, this was probably my least favorite. The teacher was very good, and the students seemed to enjoy being in her class, but I wasnt as entertained as I have been in the elementary school classes. Although, I did learn that kids, as they go through the adolescent years, seem to be less interested in learning then children of younger ages. .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 , .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .postImageUrl , .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 , .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4:hover , .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4:visited , .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4:active { border:0!important; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4:active , .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4 .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u542905ba6b5c28c7cd936272f357e2c4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: You asked us in class how did we learn how to act Essay .

Up All Night by One Direction free essay sample

Although they were placed 3rd runner-ups in last years X Factor UK, the new boy band One Direction have already stolen many teenage hearts all over the UK. The British-Irish boy band consisted of five talented and cheeky boys named Niall Horan, 18, Zayn Malik, 18, Liam Payne, 18, Harry Styles, 17, and Louis Tomlinson, 19, all originally auditioned for the X-Factor as solo artists. After none of them getting through as solo acts, one of the judges, Simon Cowell, insisted in giving them another chance and let them go through the show as a boy band. With their first ever debut album, Up All Night, out November 21st, 2011, One Direction already have a #1 single on the UK Charts called What Makes You Beautiful and have broken records in top pre-order album sales. The boys, who are signed to Syco Music, have big plans set from Simon Cowell and are going on their solo tour this winter. We will write a custom essay sample on Up All Night by One Direction or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One Direction are not that big in the US yet, but be prepared to fall head over heels for their catchy-pop sound soon. They are heading this way!

Hamlet - Comment On Humanity Essays - English-language Films

Hamlet - Comment On Humanity Essays - English-language Films Hamlet - Comment on Humanity The Elizabethan play The Tragedy of Hamlet Prince of Denmark is one of William Shakespeare's most popular works. One of the possible reasons for this play's popularity is the way Shakespeare uses the character Hamlet to exemplify the complex workings of the human mind. The approach taken by Shakespeare in Hamlet has generated countless different interpretations of meaning, but it is through Hamlet's struggle to confront his internal dilemma, deciding when to revenge his fathers death, that the reader becomes aware of one of the more common interpretations in Hamlet; the idea that Shakespeare is attempting to comment on the influence that one's state of mind can have on the decisions they make in life. As the play unfolds, Shakespeare uses the encounters that Hamlet must face to demonstrate the effect that one's perspective can have on the way the mind works. In his book Some Shakespeare Themes & An Approach to Hamlet, L.C. Knight takes notice of Shakespeare's use of these encounters to journey into the workings of the human mind when he writes: What we have in Hamlet.is the exploration and implicit criticism of a particular state of mind or consciousness.In Hamlet, Shakespeare uses a series of encounters to reveal the complex state of the human mind, made up of reason, emotion, and attitude towards the self, to allow the reader to make a judgment or form an opinion about fundamental aspects of human life. (192) Shakespeare sets the stage for Hamlet's internal dilemma in Act 1, Scene 5 of Hamlet when the ghost of Hamlet's father appears and calls upon Hamlet to "revenge his foul and most unnatural murder" (1.5.24). It is from this point forward that Hamlet must struggle with the dilemma of whether or not to kill Claudius, his uncle, and if so when to actually do it. As the play progresses, Hamlet does not seek his revenge when the opportunity presents itself, and it is the reasoning that Hamlet uses to justify his delay that becomes paramount to the reader's underezding of the effect that Hamlet's mental perspective has on his situation. In order to fully underezd how Hamlet's perspective plays an important role in this play, the reader must attempt to answer the fundamental question: Why does Hamlet procrastinate in taking revenge on Claudius? Although the answer to this question is at best somewhat complicated, Mark W. Scott attempts to offer some possible explanations for Hamlet's delay in his book, Shakespeare for Students: Critics who find the cause of Hamlet's delay in his internal meditations typically view the prince as a man of great moral integrity who is forced to commit an act which goes against his deepest principles. On numerous occasions, the prince tries to make sense of his moral dilemma through personal meditations, which Shakespeare presents as soliloquies. Another perspective of Hamlet's internal struggle suggests that the prince has become so disenchanted with life since his father's death that he has neither the desire nor the will to exact revenge. (74) Mr. Scott points out morality and disenchantment, both of which belong solely to an individuals own conscious, as two potential causes of Hamlet's procrastination, and therefore he offers support to the idea that Shakespeare is placing important emphasis on the role of individual perspective in this play. The importance that Mr. Scott's comment places on Hamlet's use of personal meditations to "make sense of his moral dilemma" (74), also helps to support L.C. Knight's contention that Shakespeare is attempting to use these dilemmas to illustrate the inner workings of the human mind. In Hamlet, Shakespeare gives the reader an opportunity to evaluate the way the title character handles a very complicated dilemma and the problems that are generated because of it. These problems that face Hamlet are perhaps best viewed as overstatements of the very types of problems that all people must face as they live their lives each day. The magnitude of these "everyday" problems are almost always a matter of individual perspective. Each person will perceive a given situation based on his own state of mind. The one, perhaps universal, dilemma that faces all of mankind is the problem of identity. As Victor L. Cahn

Divine Passive Voice

Divine Passive Voice Divine Passive Voice Divine Passive Voice By Jacquelyn Landis Most writers know the difference between active and passive voice. In active voice, there’s a clearly identified agent performing an action: Tiger Woods made a hole in one. The subject of this sentence, Tiger Woods, is the agent who is performing the action: making a hole in one. In passive voice, the subject isn’t performing the action; it’s being acted upon by the agent: A hole in one was made by Tiger Woods. Most experts agree that active voice is preferable over passive voice wherever possible, and most writers know this. However, did you know that there’s another form of passive voice? This one is called divine passive voice. In a sentence using divine passive voice, no agent of action is ever identified: A hole in one was made. Since there’s no agent, the action in the sentence is considered an act of God- thus, divine passive voice. Granted, this is a tongue-in-cheek assessment because it’s pretty unlikely that the hole in one happened all by itself even though Tiger Woods is sometimes attributed with divinely inspired talent. Divine passive voice is most useful for obscuring information. Perhaps Tiger didn’t want to buy the customary round of drinks in the clubhouse to celebrate his hole in one, so he insisted that club officials keep his identity secret. Politicians and other bureaucrats are fond of divine passive voice. It appears to give complete information, and it sounds official, thereby duping readers: Mistakes were made. (Who, exactly, made the mistakes?) Gas prices were raised. (By whom?) Unless you’re deliberately trying to avoid assigning blame or you’re intentionally trying to be vague, steer clear of divine passive voice. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of Rhyme50 Idioms About Roads and PathsTestimony vs. Testimonial

Gender and sex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender and sex - Essay Example Let’s first talk about gender. Gender is something that is defined by the society, and not by Nature. That is why, gender is not natural, because it can be modified, recreated, and protested against. Sex is natural. One culture will define an actual man who beats up his wife; while another culture will consider a person a man considering his height and voice. Some cultures define a woman as a person bearing children; while, others will define a woman as individuals with delicate stature. These are all the gender roles that every culture assigns to men and women, thus associating these roles with one gender. Generally speaking as in all cultures, male gender is associated with roles like going out for jobs, playing games, joining clubs, and becoming politicians; while, female gender is associated with roles like running a house, bearing children, raising them up, doing grocery, serving the family, and the like. Thus, we assign specific roles to one gender, and call it man or wo man. Biologists talk about gamete size when defining sex; but, culture talks about power and freedom while talking about men; and, about frailty, sex and cowardliness while taking about women. This distinction of gender is defined by the society depending upon the societal roles. ... They are obnoxious toward reverse gender roles. Stephen (2002, 50) gives example from Latin America, and states that, â€Å"As the Spanish explored northern Mexico, which later became the American Southwest, they found same-sex sexual interaction among men and men who seemed to be dressed like women.† This shows that gender can be adopted. Also, Kulick (1997, 574) describes in his paper how the Latin American society generates diverse arrangements of gender, consisting of men and not-men, instead of men and women. Hence, gender and gender roles are changeable, and this is the main difference between sex and gender. So, gender is not natural. Now, let’s talk about race not being natural. Races do not exist, because there is no biological category of races. It is also, like gender, a theory constructed by society. Someone belonging to a specific geographical location, with features resembling the people of that geography, belongs to a certain race, as defined by the socie ty. But those features could have been changed if someone was raised in a location different from that of his ancestors. Hence, race cannot be passed on to the next generation, because it is not based on biological facts Goldstein (1999, 564) also states that race is not just determined by phenotype, but by context. The idea of race not being natural is a bit hard to understand when compared with gender. Simple is that race is defined by geographical distinctions, and these distinctions are not defined by nature. Races only make divisions of otherwise disordered biological patterns, as the separation of these biological patterns makes it easy to allocate resources between populations. In the film, â€Å"Blacks in Latin America†, we come to know that blacks in Latin America

Law of Equity and Trusts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Law of Equity and Trusts - Essay Example The first determination of the presence of a trust is with regards to a written declaration of it. There is no written declaration for the purposes of s. 53(1)(b) of the Law of Property Act (LPA) 1925 with regards to the home. The only written declaration of the trust is Uncle David’s Will. Thus, if Lorraine has to establish an interest, it must be under the rules ofPettitt v Pettitt(1970) later affirmed by Lloyds Bank v Rosset(1991), by way of resulting or constructive trust. This would result in an equitable interest for Lorraine. Resulting trusts are formed when there is a contribution made to the purchase price, which, in this scenario is not the case.The facts do not say whether she actually contributed to the purchase price by way of outright sum or through mortgage payments, both of which are accepted ways of establishing an interest in the house, and thus, it is presumed that Jonathan was the sole proprietor of the house. Lorraine joined him as a young girlfriend, and for that reason, her interest has to be established by way of constructive trust, which is formed in the presence of an oral assurance on which reliance has been made by the claimant to her detriment (see Lloyds Bank). The promise made by Jonathan can be easily evidenced as it was in the presence of witnesses. In 2009, he declared, â€Å"all of my property including our lovely barge home is as much yours Lorraine as it is mine†. This takes the form of an oral promise, and judging from the fact that it was made on several occasions, Lorraine can establish that it amounts to an interest of some kind in the property (Ungarian v Lesnoff (1990) and Eves v Eves (1975)). Thus, the second step for Lorraine in order to establish her equitable interest in the property would be to prove that she relied upon the promise to her detriment. Lorraine spent a considerable amount on structural repairs and decoration, to the tune of 65000 pounds and contributed half of her salary to

How to Avoid Being Sleepy Essay Example for Free

How to Avoid Being Sleepy Essay Check with the doctor if you have to take medicine for your medical condition and it should not interfere with your sleep. †¢ Maintain a healthy diet. Remember to stay away from too many sweets. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. †¢ You can take a vitamin supplement rich in iron and B12 – check with your doctor first. †¢ Try to relax. Stress and anxiety causes you to lack of sleep at nights and this will only make you feel sleepy the following day. †¢ Feel positive. Work on your feeling of enthusiasm, so you can release positive energy in you and lessen your sleepiness. Just focus on your work and think of the good result of doing a good job out of it. If you still feel sleepy most of the time that it hampers your productivity as a person, you might as well have yourself checked by your doctor. You may have a more complicated problem about sleep, so it is best to do this at once. Source: Health Guidance| 6 Powerful Ways to Stop Being Tired by Brad Isaac on August 16, 2007 One of the more common complaints I hear from people is how tired they feel all the time. I too experience times where I am tired and fight sleepiness. Being tired obviously decreases motivation and causes you to feel like you aren’t at 100%. Being tired might even cost you money! That’s why in order to beat tiredness it’s a good idea to have a plan. Here’s my 6 point plan to beat daytime tiredness: 1. High aerobic exercise *- I’m not talking about a leisurely walk after dinner, I am saying some high intensity stuff. If you find yourself wanting to doze during the day, then you need to increase your aerobic exercise. It increases your blood flow, decreases standing heart rate. You’ll be relaxed more during the day, sleep better at night and feel more energy. John Wesley at Pickthebrain. com says he gets his exercise in the morning and it works for him all day. Personally, I find that either morning or evening works for me. Just depends on the season. So I’d recommend, in the beginning at least, to be flexible and find the right time for you. 2. Cut the sugar – Are you drinking sugar in your coffee or morning beverage? It could be making you tired. When I switched from sugar to honey, I noticed a difference in my energy level that week. Plus, an old farmer’s tip says eating honey from your local bees helps to do away with sinus allergies. Worth a try anyway. Also avoid sugar snacks during the day. Many office workers bring in treats to share with everyone like doughnuts, cakes, ice cream. Just say no. Avoid these sugar traps that zap your energy. 3. Eat a good breakfast – by â€Å"good† I don’t mean Fruit Loops or a Danish. Grab some protein, eggs, low fat toast, granola, yogurt. Skipping breakfast sets you up for a mid morning crash. Plus, you’ll be starved and eat more for lunch (see point #4) 4. Eat a light lunch – This advice comes from Benjamin Franklin. He noticed that his co-workers would gorge themselves at lunch and then have an afternoon of sleepiness. He chose instead to slowly and methodically eat a hunk of bread as he read a book. 5. Take time during lunch for you – which is the second part of Ben Franklin’s advice. While he slowly ate his bread he’d take â€Å"Ben time† by reading a book. By taking a full break from the reality of work in this way, you can come back from a â€Å"mini-vacation† refreshed and ready to take on the afternoon. 6. Cat-nap – If you have a flexible schedule you can nap when you get tired. The key with this is not to nap too long. A 1 to 2 hour nap will make you more tired. A 15 minute nap or caffeine nap will wake you up and prepare you for the rest of the day. Sometimes you can squeeze in a 15 minute cat nap during lunch. Other times you might have to wait until after work. Either way, a nap can refresh and rejuvenate you. Tips on Preventing Sleepiness Below are then few simple ways on how nurses may take to prevent sleepiness while on duty. These ways have been taught immeasurable times already, but I just felt the need to assert these as well. 1. Take a power nap. In numerous studies, taking naps have been found to increase alertness and improve performance. However, taking naps may not be allowed during breaks or meal periods among nurses. They can then take a nap before their shift starts. Naps should be short though (no more than 45 minutes) to reduce awakening from deep sleep and prevent sleep inertia. 2. Consume caffeine. Although caffeine has earned its bad reputation with regards to health, it also has been found to be an effective stimulant in increasing alertness. It just needs to be taken properly. Drinking coffee or tea must then only be done at the beginning of a shift or about an hour before an anticipated sleepiness. Additionally, caffeine must not be taken at least 3 hours before bedtime to prevent the possibility of insomnia. Most important, caffeine must only be consumed when needed, and not on a regular basis or when alert. 3. Drink plenty of water. Water helps prevent dehydration, which increases the feeling of drowsiness. Water should be taken then even when not yet thirsty, to stay energized at work. 4. Go into the light, literally. Light has been found to increase alertness. Sunlight is the most effective; however, artificial light in different levels are also found to induce alertness. Nurses on night duty may then go into well-lit areas for several hours during the shift. 5. Get enough sleep. Enough said. How To Avoid Sleep While Studying? I can still remember when I was in college, studying during exams was like hell and what used to make it worst was my falling asleep. Exams are near and to get good grades, we decide to study for long hours. We decide that the best time to study is the night time, but we cannot stop ourselves from sleeping while we are studying. (Especially in subjects like History, Science, Biology, etc. ) These subjects are too boring to keep us awake.

Comparing the Concepts of Seeming and Being in Relation to Political Po

Comparing the Concepts of Seeming and Being in Relation to Political Power and Leadership in The Prince and The Republic 9. Machiavelli says the prince only has to seem good, not be good. Socrates insists that seeming is bad, being is good. Is it better to remain in the cave with Machiavelli, or see the light with Socrates? Write three pages for Machiavelli and against Socrates, write another three pages against Machiavelli and for Socrates. Both Niccolà ² Machiavelli and Plato, in their works The Prince and The Republic (respectively), address the concepts of seeming and being in relation to political power and leadership, however they do so in two distinct manners. In the Republic, Socrates insists that seeming is bad, and being is good. Using a parable of people in a cave, he states that the only way to know the difference between what seems and what actually is reality is to experience it in its purest form, instead of through images. Machiavelli, on the other hand outlines the different ways that a prince could rise to power, and justifies any and all means that a prince could take. He states that a prince only has to seem good when it fits his purposes, not actually be good. He encourages an aspiring prince to be deceitful and conniving in order to gain and maintain power. Before concluding which political theorist is correct, it is interesting to examine whether it would be better to remain in the cave wit h Machiavelli or see the light with Socrates. The citizens of Socrates’ Republic are divided into three classes. Those who are deemed fit to rule, the philosopher/rulers, are those who have been chosen to pass through several stages of training and preparation. They are the most fit to rule, because the... ...ity really is, and if they don’t have the wisdom to do this on their own, there are people who will guide them. It can only be concluded that seeming good, as Machiavelli advocates, is bad because it is essentially deceives the citizens. Additionally, when one seems, they are acting in the interest of only themselves. Being good, as Socrates promotes, is the better of the two, because when one is actually good, they will act in the interest of society as a whole, instead of merely their own selfish interests. It is a far better thing to emerge from the cave with Socrates, to see the light, to gain the knowledge, and the ability to share it with others. Works Cited Plato. The Republic. Trans. Richard W. Sterling and William C. Scott. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996. Machiavelli, Niccolo The Prince New York: Oxford University Press, 1952

Rasta

Shaquille T. Sailsman Literature and Composition March 26,2013 Rastafarianism The Rastafarian religion has many different elements. These elements include: history, beliefs, customs/culture, celebrations, and worshipping. Rastafarians believe in the divine nature of Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia, whose title before his coronation of 1930 who Ras Tafari (Prince of the House of Tafari). The name Haile Selassie means â€Å"Power of Trinity. † He was the Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930-1974. Haile Selassie never regarded himself as God, nor did he adhere to Rastafari.According to iconn. org, Rastafarians regard Haile Selassie I as God because Marcus Garvey’s prophecy – â€Å"Look to Africa where a black king shall be crowned, he shall be the Redeemer† – was swiftly followed by the ascension of Haile Selassie as Emperor of Ethiopia. Haile Selassie I is regarded by Rastafarians as the God of the black race. The Rastafarian religion began in Jamaica i n the 1930s. The religion was formed after periods of slavery. Rastafarians regarded Jamaica as hell and Ethiopia as heaven.Rastafarians called Jamaica hell because Africans were divided up and sent to destinations throughout the world, in most cases as slaves to whites. This is why many Africans found themselves in Jamaica. Ethiopia, the homeland, was seen as a place of fond memories of freedom and life prior to oppression. This meant it eventually became regarded as heaven. â€Å"Rastafarians believes Jah (God) lives on in some form, and believes that one day he will bring about the return of all black people to their ancestral home in Africa,† (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer, 152).When Rastafarians have kids, they raise their kids to believe in Jah and after a certain age they should be able to identify who he is. They are also raised to believe that one day he will be raised from the dead and bring them back to Africa, their supposed homeland. Rastafarians dedicate them selves to preparing for this homecoming, growing closer to Jah, (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer). They do this by cultivating peace and harmony with all and by living in a way that is close to nature, mimicking Jah.Another way Rastas try to mimic Jah is by rejecting practices introduced from white culture, which is symbolically called â€Å"Babylon. † The culture of Rastafarian is to condemn the eating of meat. They are all vegetarians. In order to spiritually grow as a person, meat has to be gradually eliminated from the diet. According to www. iconn. org, â€Å"the main reason Rastafarians don't eat meat is because animals try so hard to get away. The fear of the animals can be seen in their eyes.It is evident that they are begging for mercy. Rastafarians will have to show mercy. Within the book of genesis, the LORD gave man dominion over animals. It was not to eat them but to care for them. † An efficient healthy body is very basic. The Rastafarian's diet is desig ned to meet their personal needs. The Rastafarian's food is normally referred to as ital food within the Rastafarian culture. The most traditional way to know a Rastafarian is by their dreadlocks. Some people may wear their hair the Rastafarian way – dreadlocks – without being committed to Rastafarian belief or lifestyle, while many believers feel obligated to abandon the traditional hairstyles for the sake of gaining or remaining in employment,† (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer, 152). Rastas wear dreadlocks because they do not believe in cutting or combing their hair. It is also the way some ancient African priests and Israelites wore their hair. Sometimes you see a green, red and yellow colored hat over a Rasta's hair. These are the colors of the flag of Ethiopia.Rastas also wear a turban, which is a headband based on cloth winding, over their head to protect and keep their dreadlocks clean. According to www. iconn. org, the holy herb, or known to most as mari juana or ganja, is used in all major Rastafarian celebrations to enhance feelings of peace and community, aid meditation and inspire religious visions. There has often been controversy concerning the legalization of marijuana. Rastafarians are perhaps best known for their religious use of marijuana, which grows plentifully in Jamaica. In addition to ritual use, Rastas also use marijuana for medicinal purposes, applying it o a variety of ailments including colds. Many followers also believe that marijuana aids in the worship of God, Bible study, and meditation. Although not all Rastafarians use marijuana, most believe it will bring a person closer to God. Reggae music originated as an important part of Rastafarian celebrations – asserting the pride and dignity of black people, rejection of white oppression, the beauty of Africa and visions of a peaceful future. Reggae music is intimately connected to Rastafari and its lyrics often speak of oppression, poverty, slavery, aparthe id and human rights.One of the most important figures in trying to spread reggae music was Bob Marley. Born Nesta Robert Marley (1974–1981), he remains the most widely known and the best-selling performer of reggae music, and is credited with helping spread both Jamaican music and the Rastafari movement to a worldwide audience. A Nyabingi ceremony brings together believers from a wider area, and often last from several days. At these ceremonies, there are chanting, drumming, singing, praying, and dancing as well as shaving of vegetarian food and smoking of marijuana.Some occasions for a Nyabingi are based on the Julian calendar used by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church; with the Rastafarian faith has strong links. Holy days and holidays are periods of solemn times for the Rastafarian community worldwide. The Holy days are to pray and ask for penance, fulfilling 2 Chronicles 7v14, â€Å"If my people who are called by my name, will humble themselves and pray, search for me and rep ent of their evil ways, then I will hear from heaven and forgive their sins and heal their land. † (Himchurch. org).Some Rastafarian celebrations includes: Ethiopian New Year – Sept 11th (represents a holiday, which is, observed with a short Prayer Service from 10am-11am), Christmas Day – Jan. 7th (Rastafarians observed this as a holiday), Haile Selassie’s Birthday – July 23rd, and the Anniversary of his coronation – Nov. 2nd, (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer, 153). Influential prophets and teachers may also be commemorated, but there is no official festival calendar. Rastafarians do not have a specific religious building that is set aside for worshipping.They usually meet weekly, either in a believers’ home or in a community center. The meetings are referred to as Reasoning Sessions. They provide a time for chants, prayers and singing, and for communal issues to be discussed. Marijuana may be smoked to produce heightened spiritual st ates. The music used at these meetings is known as Nyabingi, and so when meetings are mostly musical they are often referred to as Nyabingi meetings. Meetings may also include large feasts. Rastafarians lay great stress on individual bible study and interpretation. Rasta Shaquille T. Sailsman Literature and Composition March 26,2013 Rastafarianism The Rastafarian religion has many different elements. These elements include: history, beliefs, customs/culture, celebrations, and worshipping. Rastafarians believe in the divine nature of Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia, whose title before his coronation of 1930 who Ras Tafari (Prince of the House of Tafari). The name Haile Selassie means â€Å"Power of Trinity. † He was the Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930-1974. Haile Selassie never regarded himself as God, nor did he adhere to Rastafari.According to iconn. org, Rastafarians regard Haile Selassie I as God because Marcus Garvey’s prophecy – â€Å"Look to Africa where a black king shall be crowned, he shall be the Redeemer† – was swiftly followed by the ascension of Haile Selassie as Emperor of Ethiopia. Haile Selassie I is regarded by Rastafarians as the God of the black race. The Rastafarian religion began in Jamaica i n the 1930s. The religion was formed after periods of slavery. Rastafarians regarded Jamaica as hell and Ethiopia as heaven.Rastafarians called Jamaica hell because Africans were divided up and sent to destinations throughout the world, in most cases as slaves to whites. This is why many Africans found themselves in Jamaica. Ethiopia, the homeland, was seen as a place of fond memories of freedom and life prior to oppression. This meant it eventually became regarded as heaven. â€Å"Rastafarians believes Jah (God) lives on in some form, and believes that one day he will bring about the return of all black people to their ancestral home in Africa,† (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer, 152).When Rastafarians have kids, they raise their kids to believe in Jah and after a certain age they should be able to identify who he is. They are also raised to believe that one day he will be raised from the dead and bring them back to Africa, their supposed homeland. Rastafarians dedicate them selves to preparing for this homecoming, growing closer to Jah, (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer). They do this by cultivating peace and harmony with all and by living in a way that is close to nature, mimicking Jah.Another way Rastas try to mimic Jah is by rejecting practices introduced from white culture, which is symbolically called â€Å"Babylon. † The culture of Rastafarian is to condemn the eating of meat. They are all vegetarians. In order to spiritually grow as a person, meat has to be gradually eliminated from the diet. According to www. iconn. org, â€Å"the main reason Rastafarians don't eat meat is because animals try so hard to get away. The fear of the animals can be seen in their eyes.It is evident that they are begging for mercy. Rastafarians will have to show mercy. Within the book of genesis, the LORD gave man dominion over animals. It was not to eat them but to care for them. † An efficient healthy body is very basic. The Rastafarian's diet is desig ned to meet their personal needs. The Rastafarian's food is normally referred to as ital food within the Rastafarian culture. The most traditional way to know a Rastafarian is by their dreadlocks. Some people may wear their hair the Rastafarian way – dreadlocks – without being committed to Rastafarian belief or lifestyle, while many believers feel obligated to abandon the traditional hairstyles for the sake of gaining or remaining in employment,† (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer, 152). Rastas wear dreadlocks because they do not believe in cutting or combing their hair. It is also the way some ancient African priests and Israelites wore their hair. Sometimes you see a green, red and yellow colored hat over a Rasta's hair. These are the colors of the flag of Ethiopia.Rastas also wear a turban, which is a headband based on cloth winding, over their head to protect and keep their dreadlocks clean. According to www. iconn. org, the holy herb, or known to most as mari juana or ganja, is used in all major Rastafarian celebrations to enhance feelings of peace and community, aid meditation and inspire religious visions. There has often been controversy concerning the legalization of marijuana. Rastafarians are perhaps best known for their religious use of marijuana, which grows plentifully in Jamaica. In addition to ritual use, Rastas also use marijuana for medicinal purposes, applying it o a variety of ailments including colds. Many followers also believe that marijuana aids in the worship of God, Bible study, and meditation. Although not all Rastafarians use marijuana, most believe it will bring a person closer to God. Reggae music originated as an important part of Rastafarian celebrations – asserting the pride and dignity of black people, rejection of white oppression, the beauty of Africa and visions of a peaceful future. Reggae music is intimately connected to Rastafari and its lyrics often speak of oppression, poverty, slavery, aparthe id and human rights.One of the most important figures in trying to spread reggae music was Bob Marley. Born Nesta Robert Marley (1974–1981), he remains the most widely known and the best-selling performer of reggae music, and is credited with helping spread both Jamaican music and the Rastafari movement to a worldwide audience. A Nyabingi ceremony brings together believers from a wider area, and often last from several days. At these ceremonies, there are chanting, drumming, singing, praying, and dancing as well as shaving of vegetarian food and smoking of marijuana.Some occasions for a Nyabingi are based on the Julian calendar used by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church; with the Rastafarian faith has strong links. Holy days and holidays are periods of solemn times for the Rastafarian community worldwide. The Holy days are to pray and ask for penance, fulfilling 2 Chronicles 7v14, â€Å"If my people who are called by my name, will humble themselves and pray, search for me and rep ent of their evil ways, then I will hear from heaven and forgive their sins and heal their land. † (Himchurch. org).Some Rastafarian celebrations includes: Ethiopian New Year – Sept 11th (represents a holiday, which is, observed with a short Prayer Service from 10am-11am), Christmas Day – Jan. 7th (Rastafarians observed this as a holiday), Haile Selassie’s Birthday – July 23rd, and the Anniversary of his coronation – Nov. 2nd, (Breuilly, O’Brien, Palmer, 153). Influential prophets and teachers may also be commemorated, but there is no official festival calendar. Rastafarians do not have a specific religious building that is set aside for worshipping.They usually meet weekly, either in a believers’ home or in a community center. The meetings are referred to as Reasoning Sessions. They provide a time for chants, prayers and singing, and for communal issues to be discussed. Marijuana may be smoked to produce heightened spiritual st ates. The music used at these meetings is known as Nyabingi, and so when meetings are mostly musical they are often referred to as Nyabingi meetings. Meetings may also include large feasts. Rastafarians lay great stress on individual bible study and interpretation.

Types of Aphasia

Aphasia is a communication disorder. It's a result of damage or injury to language parts of the brain. And it's more common in older adults, particularly those who have had a stroke. Aphasia gets in the way of a person's ability to use or understand words. Aphasia does not impair the person's intelligence. People who have aphasia may have difficulty speaking and finding the â€Å"right† words to complete their thoughts. They may also have problems understanding conversation, reading and comprehending written words, writing words, and using numbers.What Causes Aphasia? Aphasia may also be caused by a brain tumor, brain infection, or dementia such as Alzheimer's disease. In some cases, aphasia is a symptom of epilepsy or other neurological disorder. What Are the Types of Aphasia? Expressive aphasia (non-fluent): With expressive aphasia, the person knows what he or she wants to say yet has difficulty communicating it to others. It doesn't matter whether the person is trying to sa y or write what he or she is trying to communicate.Receptive aphasia (fluent): With receptive aphasia, the person can hear a voice or read the print, but may not understand the meaning of the message. Oftentimes, someone with receptive aphasia takes language literally. Their own speech may be disturbed because they do not understand their own language. Anomic aphasia. With anomic aphasia, the person has word-finding difficulties. This is called anomia. Because of the difficulties, the person struggles to find the right words for speaking and writing.Global aphasia. This is the most severe type of aphasia. It is often seen right after someone has a stroke. With global aphasia, the person has difficulty speaking and understanding words. In addition, the person is unable to read or write. Primary progressive aphasia. Primary progressive aphasia is a rare disorder where people slowly lose their ability to talk, read, write, and comprehend what they hear in conversation over a period of time. With a stroke, aphasia may improve with proper therapy.There is no treatment to reverse primary progressive aphasia. People with primary progressive aphasia are able to communicate in ways other than speech. For instance, they might use gestures. And many benefit from a combination of speech therapy and medications. What Are the Symptoms of Aphasia? The main symptoms of aphasia include: Trouble speaking Struggling with finding the appropriate term or word Using strange or inappropriate words in conversation

Scientific Method

Scientific Method Scientific Method LabNames: Trevor Jones, Mitch Salmon, Buck Didlake, Andrew SturtzYou may work in groups of no less than three and no more than four. Be sure that you type each group members name on this sheet. Name each file the first initial. last name of whoever is submitting it. For example mine would be named, w.gwaltney. Due by the beginning of lab on 9-2.Choose three problems that you think are applicable to your group's interest in agriculture. For each of those problems come up with a theoretical experiment, using the scientific method. Answer the following questions for each problem.Identify the problem:1) Irrigated corn against non-irrigated corn and how many bushels to the acre2) The taste of tobacco on type of fertilizer3) Type of mulch on hasta growthWhat is your hypothesis?1) Irrigated corn will harvest more bushels to the acre2) Sprayed fertilized tobacco will make tobacco taste better3) Hardwood original mulch will produce more hasta growth than dyed mulchExplain yo ur experiment.English: AbÃ… « Ê ¿AlÄ « al-á ¸ ¤asan ibn al-á ¸ ¤asan ibn...After you have formulated a hypothesis testing is the next step. The importance of this step is to see how the results will differ from your hypothesis. There are five things you have to do when testing, predicting, experimenting, communicating, collecting data, and measuring. During this step it is vital that safety precautions are taken as well as making sure the experiment is done right.When testing is completed theorizing which has three main points is done. Constructing models, predicting and communicating are all important during this step. Talk about the results of the lab testing and thoroughly examine the hypothesis as compared to the results.After communicating thoroughly about the entire experiment publish your results.

50 Productivity Tips to Boost Your Performance [Infographic]

50 Productivity Tips to Boost Your Performance [Infographic] It’s no secret that many people are not performing at their fullest potential. In a world full of entertainment and distractions around every corner, it’s difficult to perform at a level that is truly reflective of your skills and talent. But it’s important to find ways to counter this so you can be the best version of yourself. Here are 50 productivity tips to boost your performance and unlock your hidden potential. Â   [Source: Wrike]

Global Warming a Hotly Debated Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Warming a Hotly Debated Topic - Essay Example His greatest criticism focuses on the Stern report, upon which many other global warming proponents have based their claims. He begins by pointing out Stern’s lack of acknowledgement regarding the various scientific studies that refute that global warming is happening, as a responsible scientific research study should do, and then moves on to attack other aspects of Stern’s scientific method. â€Å"He is guilty of misreading the data, of distorting the evidence to suit his political masters’ dogma, of throwing numbers about with reckless abandon, of promoting alarmism in place of rational discussion, and of reinventing climate history.† Refuting Stern’s climatic claims, Lindzen offers verifiable dates regarding scientific inventions that facilitated accurate record keeping, but offers no sources to back up his other statements regarding evidence of a warmer Middle Ages or a colder 17th century, an expanding Greenland or the reasons behind increases in polar bear numbers. In his criticism, he accuses Stern and others of having a hidden agenda, centered on providing more power and money to those in positions of leadership, making the Stern report little more than political rhetoric. Although his stated purpose is to open up the global debate to explore other possible causes of global warming, he offers merely an attack on the Stern report, backed by a hypocritical lack of outside sources or acknowledgement of dissension in the ranks of supporters. The newspaper article was initiated in support of an upcoming network television special in which the Global Warming issue was to be examined in terms of its invalidity or at least lack of full investigation and hard evidence.

Organization Behavior, For the Leaders and Leadership for specific Essay

Organization Behavior, For the Leaders and Leadership for specific organization(Nordstrom) - Essay Example In 2012, an internal study conducted by the company revealed that its employees believed that transformational leadership was the most important factor in its success. Blake Nordstrom, the current president and chief executive officer (CEO), has headed efforts to educate new and existing employees in the company’s leadership style. In lieu of this, the organization has a leadership orientation program in which employees are taught the importance of leading and, more specifically, the importance of transformational leadership (Humphrey, 2013). This is augmented by appraisal policies that enable supervisors to monitor employees’ leadership progress and revise existing strategies to adapt to evolutions in leadership styles. There is a very good relationship between Nordstrom’s leaders and their subordinates. There are several factors that have facilitated this relationship, including clear and effective communication, respect, and an excellent understanding of the organization’s culture. The communication at Nordstrom, which is lateral, has played a central role in creating and guaranteeing a good relationship between the retailer’s leaders and their followers. The leaders communicate the company’s culture to their followers and then give them time and room to assimilate it and reflect it in their duties (Humphrey, 2013). Through lateral communication, misunderstanding between leaders and their subordinates or between departments is significantly reduced. As a consequence, the organization is efficient and employees are productive. Since junior employees are allowed to work directly with each other and their supervisors in effecting top-level decisions, Nordstrom’s em ployees enjoy great success in the implementation of strategic decisions (Deal & Bolman, 2013). The company also encourages teamwork between its leaders and their followers. For example, if a

Technology and the Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Technology and the Future - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the future is coming and it will be shaped by technology. Everywhere around us, technology is changing our lives. The future is hard to predict, but one thing we know for sure is that technology will be present and increasingly determine our lives. This raises a lot of ethical issues. We need to think long and hard about these complex issues. For example, one of the things that technology can do is provide more security and convenience. However, many new technologies provide both pros and cons. The idea of implanting a CHIP inside of all U.S. citizens is certainly one. There are definite positives relating to this idea and definite negatives. Overall, however, this is a terrible idea and should not be pursued. There are positive aspects to inserting CHIPS in all American citizens. It would reduce costs and potentially reduce bureaucratic screw-ups. No one would ever lose their medical information and it would cost less to transfer. How ever, it is plainly unconstitutional. It is also a serious encroachment into the lives of American citizens on behalf of the Nanny State. In an age where TSA officers grope children in security lines in airports, the last thing we need is more intrusion such as the implantation of chips. We need to think about these ethical dimensions. We need to think about these questions, just as we need to think about whether to find out about the genetic situation of our children before they are born.

Devised Work Challenging Established Ideas Of Drama Film Studies Essay

Devised Work Challenging Established Ideas Of Drama Film Studies Essay Foremost, it is important to establish what is meant by the devising process. The devising process is an approach; an approach undertaken by a whole Company, in creating a performance of some kind. It focuses on the long process of exploration allowing the performers to free their imagination and bodies(Complicite, 1). Each branch of the process develops from play and improvisation, instigated by games and exercises. The more traditional and established ideas of conventional drama, focuses upon the often patriarchal, hierarchal relationship between playwright and director (Oddey 1996, 4). The practises of conventional drama therefore rely upon the interpretation of the playwrights text, and the handling of the text by the director and actors, and how this then becomes realised on stage, through a production process in a theatre building (Oddey 1996, 4). Historically, Post War British theatre has rooted its practises with the play text and playwright. Thus the emphasis has always been upon the relationship between the writing and the performance. However, as an alternative the devising process offers a collective creation of theatre, rather than the importance being solely upon the writer. As Oddey states Devised work or the process is more of a response and a reaction to the playwright-director relationship(Oddey 1996, 4). Yet it is still met with a sub-genre perception in terms of theatre form, with the only reason being, it has not been constructed in the establishedway of making theatre from playwright, via director and actors, to performance(Oddey 1996, 4). Surely the devising process should be accepted as an approach nonetheless than traditional approaches in theatre. For even though it takes the opposite view, inevitably challenging established ideas, its purpose is not in replacing traditional forms but instead creating a new path where artistic endeavour can be expressed. The devising approach allows different forms and mediums to come together, rather than the focus being on traditional text-based performances or the exploration of naturalism. It reveals an inclination almost always towards the physical, surreal, and the abstract and is often instigated by a conceptual genesis that potentially eventuates in to its own language of non-verbal forms (Oddey 1996, 5). This was definitely found true during the semester, in which our focus was on devising our summative performances. Initially, after receiving our stimulus, of Hansel Gretel, we were encouraged immediately to start working on our feet. We participated in games and exercises that seemed to be far from the outcome of any performance. However, the utilising of this process enabled us to experiment from scratch and help initialise our final ideas. For example, the use of balloons and toys incorporated into the games we played helped establish the foundations for our final piece. Abstract notions certainly grew out of these games, where we tended to explore the space using our physicality rather than prompts from a premeditated script. Physical expression seemed to grow out and become the dominant form, whilst experiencing the devising process. However, there were still concerns about the approach and whether, in comparison to the traditional forms of drama, the outcome of our piece would be just as relatable and comprehendible to our audience. Thus it carried the unknown risk of whether we would be able to actualise our ideas into a tangible creation. All dramatic form encompasses a certain amount of risk. However, it is appropriate to comment that through the experience of this module, Devising encounters the highest factor. This probably stems from creating something initially from scratch that revolves potentially around the physicality of the body, more so than the written word. Furthermore, as Joan Schirle states There is no guarantee that the best ideas will emergeor that the simultaneous contributions of numbers of people can unite in a work of power and vision(Schirle 2005, 91). During our summative projects, we had to combat this barrier in particular, as effectively as possible. Everyone wanted to see their own vision realised and sometimes this meant it was difficult to maintain a calm composure and not bombard or pressure others into taking on your idea. On the other hand, we found holding back was just as detrimental. We discovered that it was important to determine the balance of vision, enthusiasm and acceptance and respect for others and structure our rehearsal processes by this policy, so that we could utilise our development time successfully. Another factor that suggests the Devising process carries more risk than other art forms is the developmental time allotted. Of course with any approach, traditional or alternative, there is a finite amount of time to explore and create. Still the traditional approach uses the script, which potentially dictates every aspect of the production, therefore assumingly making work the more easier; for example, the characters, the set, the length of the piece have already been decided, to name a few. However, the devising process can be infinite to an extent and therefore challenges the established approaches as aforementioned. For it is not bound by a play-text, but instead, is a process of un-layering and exploring a world of tangents. Yet with this supposedly new found freedom of breaking away from the traditional rules that are laid down within script work, there was still a reluctance to compromise personal artistic ideals(Schirle 2005, 91). I experienced this certainly within our group, where there was an overwhelming concern of what others might think. I found this frustrating as it wasnt related to the task at hand, of which was to create a comprehendible piece of drama. It was more about the testing of barriers, and how others would react to new drama. Surely drama, conventional or alternative, aims to provoke, disturb, question or consolidate thought, for its audience, for society. This timorousness towards the devising process, probably instigated by entrenched traditional approaches, seemed to echo the words of Raymond Chandler There is no art without resistance from the medium(Schirle 2005, 91). Devising is an approach that challenges traditional forms of drama through its ability to constantly redefine performance. It entices us as artists to formulate new techniques to communicate our reflection to society. Upon reflection of the process of our Devised work it was interesting to experience a new way in working with drama. We saw our initial idea of Hansel and Gretel encounter many tangents along the way. There was a constant battle of vision after vision, which led us down far away paths. However, working through this maze it was always important to come back and realise the aims and the outcome that we collaboratively wanted to create. Within the process of devising, the many tangents and themes that can potentially be discovered, was at times overpowering. Trying to incorporate too many ideas, in such little time, was almost an impossible feat. In comparison to established practises of drama, this approach was much more challenging. For example, a script in some respects has done the legwork for you. It has been carefully constructed and planned with a vast amount of time in perfecting it. Within the devising process there is no initial structure of which to fall back on, therefore making the struggle for ideas to be realised on stage or in performance that much harder. Nonetheless it does provide the opportunity, in contrast to established approaches, to be boundless in creativity. Furthermore, within the devising process, the initial genesis of a piece can be changed and its original intention significantly altered. Throughout our summative piece we encountered such a happening. It came to be justified in changing the intention of our piece to reflect a specific theme, food. Initially, we wanted to recreate the Hansel and Gretel story, with the incorporation of different forms of theatre, and the exploration of many themes. However, due to time constraints, it became clear that the focus on one particular theme would be more appropriate. It was through discovery in games and exercises that we came back to the relatable theme of food. Throughout the rehearsal process, we tried to re-create this, and eventually came back to our fairytale, interweaving its plot line through our performance. It was then realised that the problematic relationship of writing to devising cannot be ignored(Heddon 2006, 110). In comparison to traditional approaches to drama this conund rum is practically non-existent (Heddon 2006, 11) and therefore the decision to incorporate a director figure head, of which we would all take turns at, was undertaken. This benefited our piece positively as we were able to gain an objective insight in to the work we were creating. In hindsight we perhaps needed more of a figure head to aid the process in devising our final piece. We discovered how easy it was to lose track of our vision and it was always beneficial to have someone listening in to make sure we didnt lose focus or stray too far away from our vision. In terms of my personal development I feel the devising approach as a process, has enlightened me to the endless possibilities of interaction between different forms and mediums of drama; that necessarily wouldnt take place using a Shakespearian text for example. We did decide to explore different forms of drama, and considered naturalism and realism as one of the routes to explore in our piece. However, due to the physically expressive nature of our piece, it did not fit well, suggesting that introducing more traditional forms of theatre wasnt going to work in this type of performance. The practitioners that our group were mostly influenced by were the theatre companies whose expressivity lay in physical theatre. For example, Frantic Assembly, and Shockheaded Peter were a great inspiration to our group. We specifically looked at Frantic Assemblys production of Stockholm, an interesting collaboration that interweaved amazing physical scenes around food. It was through this inspiration that we came to create unison movements that would achieve the effect of being both shocking and mesmerising to our audience. Shockheaded Peter was influential in inspiring our costume and makeup designs. Their fun and fabulous use of masks and elaborate makeup, juxtaposed with sometimes normal outfits, engaged our group in creating a similar contrast. We particularly wanted to overindulge the face, seeing as it is such a prolific body part relating to food, and create it as the centre of focus for the audience. There were times during the process where we experienced low momentum, simultaneously stumbling across a devisors block. At times this was bitterly frustrating, as we were all significantly aware of time constraints placed upon this process. In restoring our motivation, we went back to our roots, to become invigorated. This encompassed researching and reflecting on music, art or drama that we felt was inspiring to us. It worked very well, as more often than not a quick emergence into such creativity produced a flash of thought that provided a way out of the darkness. In conclusion, it is clear that the devising process has initiated a change in my concept of the text, expanding it to various forms of media, of which can all equally be as successful as a written piece. Furthermore, I have fortunately been able to gain a new skill set, enabling me to develop another way in approaching material. The process has been both a flexible and fun approach that has helped to initiate the breakdown of barriers between colleagues and the material presented to us at the very beginning. The journey has been one of discovery and opportunity, opening a new spectrum to the world of creative expression.

Lord of The Rings :: essays research papers

J.R.R. Tolkien's concept of too much power is summed up by Lord Acton when he once said, "Power corrupts, but absolute power corrupts absolutely." In Tolkien's first book of his fantasy based trilogy, Lord of the Rings, the Fellowship of the Rings tells a story of a quest to destroy a powerful ring throughout Tolkien's created "Middle Earth". This quest was headed by a "Hobbit" named Frodo Baggins who, in the end, becomes corrupted by power himself. This corruption begins when Frodo uses his ring to become invisible over and over again to escape certain situations. The quest to destroy the powerful "Ruling Ring" forms the basis for this story. The book begins with Bilbo Baggins celebrating his one hundred and eleventh birthday. Many "Hobbits" show up at his party including his third cousin, Frodo, which is the main character of the novel and a powerful wizard named Gandalf. Biblo possed a powerful ring known as the "Ruling Ring" which gives "Supreme Power" to whoever has possession of it. At the end of the party, Bilbo uses his magical ring to turn invisible and stun his guests. Gandalf, the powerful wizard, then meets up with Biblo at his house and takes the ring from Bilbo, which is corrupting him. Gandalf examines it, realizing that the ring Bilbo has is the powerful "Ruling Ring". Knowing that the forces of evil are in search of the ring, Gandalf sends Frodo, a relative of Biblo, to destroy the ring in the only place it can be destroyed, "Mt. Doom". Overhearing the talk between Gandalf and Frodo, Sam, a "Hobbit", that is good friends with Frodo is forced on the quest to aid Frodo. The two Hobbits set off on a journey in which they meet up with others that join them on their journey such as Gimli the "Dwarf", Legolas the "Elven" archer, Boromir a "Human" tracker, Aragorn the heir to the "Human" throne, two more "Hobbits" Merry, Pippin and the powerful "Wizard" Gandalf. They travel across "Middle Earth" fighting off many "Orcs" and "Black Riders" which are in search of the ring by the orders of the powerful evil "Wizard" Sauron. During their quest, they encounter many ambushes by the "Orcs" which they overcome and usually slay. In some of the ambushes, Frodo uses his ring to become invisible to escape from the "Orcs" and "Black Riders". Boromir asks to see Frodo's ring because he has a yearning for power and authority and then tries to take it from him.

Portia the Control Freak – Merchant of Venice

I would love to write a critical essay about the role of Portia in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Merchant of Venice,† hailing her as one of Shakespeare’s greatest contributions to the society of the sane; however, I find this impossible after re-reading the text. At first, I hung on her every word and was amazed at her wit, but later I found her to be just another Shakespearean psycho. Basically, I understood Portia to be nothing less than an obedient daughter obeying the whims of her dead, over-protective father. She speaks in terms of respect about the coffin ritual, and the reader believes her to be sincere. Later as her character s unfolded, the reader sees a wife in love with the husband who was wise enough to earn her love (and consequently her fortune! ). Beware, gentle reader! Do not fall under the spell of Portia the control freak! The following scenerios must be proof that this woman is not to be trusted! First of all, let’s evaluate the scene where Portia and Bassanio are before the caskets where Bassanio must make his choice. The dialogue directly preceeding the finding of the casket is basic lover’s speech, but wait! Listen carefully to what Portia says: â€Å"If you do love me, you will find me out† (III ii 41). Portia leads Bassanio to elieve that the choice he makes in the caskets is his own. She leads the reader to believe that Bassanio’s love for her is the only force which leads to the discovery of the correct casket. However, earlier when Portia is speaking of the preparations for the casket choice, she speaks of music which is to be played while Bassanio makes his choice. Ok, this seems innocent enough; but examine the song–the first two lines of the song rhyme with lead! It doesn’t take long for the subliminal message to be absorbed in Bassanio’s brain, and the lead casket is chosen. This manipulative device is an indication to me that Portia has a need to make things go her way. She is afraid that Bassanio will make the wrong choice, and therefore assists him. Point #2. Portia creates a way of controlling the future of the relationship between herself and Bassanio. Portia gives Bassanio a ring with the words, â€Å"I give you this ring, which when you part from, lose, or give away, / Let it presage the ruin of your love†. Of course, Bassanio gives away the ring first chance he gets. Portia later makes known that the man he gave the ring to was her, and she proceeds to scold Bassanio for his lack of love. Bassanio is trapped! No matter hat he does for the rest of their relationship, in his mind will remain the idea that Portia is watching! This is a clever device invented by Mr. Shakespeare; however, it does display a certain obsessive, manipulative air about Portia. Hmmmmm†¦. Lastly, I would like to take a venture. I was wondering earlier while reading the â€Å"Merchant of Venice† why Shakespeare used the doppel- ganger technique in his presentation of Nerissa and Portia. Nerissa follows Portia about and makes the same decisions Portia does. Nerissa is not as bright as Portia, and yet she meets the same ultimate fate as Portia. I am wondering if Shakespeare could have used Nerissa to point out the manipulative characteristics of Portia. It is true that one way that manipulative people feed is through weaker people who uphold them and their values. If anyone has any insight on this thought, let me know! Well, there you have it. My true feelings on Portia. Sure she is to be admired in some aspects, but perhaps as all great archetypes she has her foibles and faults. If anyone finds anything about the aforementioned aspects of Portia’s character, please let me know. I have had not luck finding Anything about Portia on the web. Thanks.

Theme of the Road Not Taken

In life decisions have to be made. Some are regular every day choices that have little impact on your life. Others however, can change your life forever. In â€Å"The Road Not Taken† Robert Frost uses sound, figurative language, diction to illustrate the importance of every day decisions and the regret you get when you think about those decisions later in life. Once the first stanza is read the first example of sound is revealed. The rhyme scheme in this poem is ABAAB. The words that rhyme in the first stanza are â€Å"wood/stood/could† (lines 1, 3, and 4) and â€Å"both/undergrowth† (lines 2 and 5). These rhymes give the poem a sense of connectivity and flow. They also emphasize certain ideas in the poem such as the fact that both paths were equal in every way and none had been traveled before as he states in stanza two. Also alliteration is present in the poem. In line eight, alliteration makes the poem flow more poetically. â€Å"Because it was grassy and wanted wear;† (line 8). The â€Å"wa† sound repeats itself in the last two words of the line. These examples of sound make a poem that should sound uneven flow like a poem should. Figurative language in a poem can intensify any meaning greatly. For example Frost uses personification and imagery to create pictures in our head of what the forest looks like and gives personality to inanimate objects. For example, when Frost says â€Å"Because it was grassy and wanted wear† (line 8) in line eight he uses personification. A road cannot want anything but it does give the road the personality that it has not been traveled ever before. Also he gives imagery when he says the forest is a â€Å"yellow wood† (line 1) which gives the impression that the leaves have fallen off the trees and it is autumn time in the forest. Autumn in literature represents the coming of old age and wisdom but the character still has a feeling of fulfillment. So in the poem the character could be nearing the end of his journey with a feeling of riches and fulfillment but a final decision might determine his destiny. Finally diction in this poem creates the theme and gives the poem the regretful and remorseful feeling we get at the end. In the final stanza he says that â€Å"I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence. † (lines 16 and17). Now, when someone tells a story with a sigh it means that they might regret the story they are about to tell. The character probably second guesses himself on the decision he made years ago and wonders what he would be like if he had chosen the other path. Even as he makes the choice (as he knows he has to or else he will not get anywhere) he knows that whatever path he chooses he will never know what lies on the other side. This is why he always tells his story with a sigh. Decisions in life are hard to make and sometimes can be overwhelming. Frost uses sound, figurative language, and diction to communicate what decisions can lead to later in life. The poem explains that in life there is not a right or wrong path. There are just many paths that are equal and have different outcomes. This leads to people second guessing themselves later in life and wondering about the unknowable path that they did not take. This means that no matter what path you choose something is going to happen and you have to accept it. Therefore, in life it doesn’t matter if you make the right or wrong decisions just seize the day.